Transfer of innovative technologies

Formation of a system for monitoring construction processes during the construction of buildings

Володимир Рашківський, Роман Дем'яненко, Олександр Ігнатенко, Юрій Заєць — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The article considers approaches to the formation of a system for monitoring technological processes of building construction.

The effectiveness of geodetic scanning for the real display of the state of building structures and their compliance with design data was noted. The effectiveness of combined scanning methods for obtaining more extensive information about construction objects was noted. There are options for erecting prefabricated and monolithic building frames without using heavy crane equipment. It is proposed to form a system for monitoring technological processes based on combinational methods using photogrammetry and laser scanning. Based on the proposed assembly modules, a monitoring scheme for the erection of prefabricated and monolithic building frames has been developed. All this together makes it possible to develop a generalized approach to the creation of a system for monitoring construction processes, to determine the directions of development of such a system for filling the construction information model, obtaining data about the components of the construction object, including the state of structures, the pace of work, the behavior of machines and mechanisms on the site, the development of methods adjustment of technological flows, provisions of structures, etc

Assessing the number and placement of ground control points in low-cost UAV photogrammetry

Світлана Бондар, Юрій Медведський — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. This study examines the impact of the number and placement of Ground Control Points (GCPs) on the accuracy of photogrammetric results using low-cost UAVs. The relevance of this research stems from the growing popularity and applicability of UAV photogrammetry, particularly in areas with diverse terrains and requirements for precise spatial data. The experiment leverages modern photogrammetric techniques, including Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithms, to analyze how GCP configurations affect error distribution and model accuracy.

The study's first phase focused on evaluating the influence of GCP placement at varying heights. A photogrammetric survey was conducted at the Kyiv Hippodrome, utilizing terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) to establish high-precision coordinates for control points. The data acquisition involved the DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2 UAV, with multiple flight missions capturing images at 30-degree camera deviations from the nadir. Points were systematically analyzed by alternating their roles as GCPs and Control Points (CPs). The results demonstrated that errors significantly increased when CPs were located further from the UAV camera, emphasizing the need for proximity in GCP placement.

The second phase analyzed how GCP configurations and quantities influence photogrammetric model accuracy. By forming 12 groups of GCPs, each varying in distribution and number, the study identified optimal setups for minimizing errors. Groups with evenly distributed points across the survey area, comprising at least eight GCPs, exhibited the lowest root mean square errors (RMSE). Conversely, configurations with GCPs concentrated along a single side or solely on the survey area's edges resulted in substantial inaccuracies.

Key findings reveal that an effective GCP placement strategy involves prioritizing proximity to the UAV camera and achieving even distribution across the surveyed area. Additionally, configurations with fewer than eight GCPs tend to suffer from sharp declines in accuracy. The research underscores the importance of balancing GCP quantity and placement for achieving reliable photogrammetric outputs in low-cost UAV applications

Research on the design of the working parts of vertical roller mills for grinding granulated slag

Микола Клименко, Михайло Губчик — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. This research focuses on optimizing the design, parameters, and operational modes of vertical roller mills (VRMs) for grinding granulated slag, which are crucial in industries such as cement, mining, and energy. VRMs are widely recognized for their energy efficiency and ability to grind various materials with minimal energy consumption. However, the challenge lies in designing mills that can operate efficiently under harsh conditions of intense friction, impact loads, and abrasive particles, especially when processing hard materials like granulated slag. To address these challenges, advanced materials and protective coatings are being utilized to improve wear resistance. Additionally, the research explores the use of polymer-metal composites in the construction of mill components, which significantly reduce wear rates and extend the lifespan of the mill, ultimately leading to cost savings and reduced maintenance needs.

Furthermore, the study examines the integration of intelligent control systems that optimize operational parameters in real-time, thus enhancing grinding efficiency and minimizing energy consumption. The findings also emphasize the importance of reducing vibrations and improving the stability of equipment to ensure reliable performance. The research identifies the key parameters that affect VRM performance, such as roller pressure, material moisture content, and rotational speed, and proposes methods for optimizing these factors to achieve maximum efficienc. The development of VRMs is especially important in post-war Ukraine, where cement production has significantly declined due to infrastructure damage. Vertical roller mills are considered the only viable technological solution for new high-capacity cement plants, capable of enhancing cement quality and reducing CO₂ emissions. This research aims to further develop VRM technology, ensuring its ability to meet the demands of the cement, metallurgy, and coal industries by improving energy efficiency, wear resistance, and grinding quality, making it a vital tool for sustainable industrial production

Evaluation of an organization's capacity for innovation using the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) in AI environment

Сергій Бушуєв, Наталія Бушуєва, Денис Бушуєв, Олег Ілін — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. This paper explores the evaluation of an organization's innovative capacity using the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) as a framework. TRIZ, a systematic approach to problem-solving, provides a structured methodology for identifying innovative solutions. By applying TRIZ principles to assess an organization's innovative potential, we can gain valuable insights into its ability to generate creative ideas and implement them effectively. The paper outlines a methodology for evaluating an organization's innovative capacity, including four issues. Identifying key innovation indicators. These indicators may include factors such as the organization's culture, structure, processes, and resources. Conducting a TRIZ assessment. Applying TRIZ tools and techniques to evaluate the organization's problem-solving skills, creativity, and ability to generate innovative ideas. Analyzing the organization's innovation ecosystem. Examining the factors that support or hinder innovation, such as leadership, teamwork, and knowledge sharing. Developing recommendations for improving innovation capacity. Based on the evaluation findings, proposing strategies to enhance the organization's ability to innovate. By utilizing TRIZ as a framework, organizations can gain a deeper understanding of their innovative potential and take steps to foster a culture of innovation.

Features of sulfate and carbonate activation of plasticized fly-ash cement binder systems

Сергій Дурицький, Катерина Пушкарьова — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the features of sulfate and carbonate activation of plasticized fly ash-cement binder systems

In the course of research, the principles of composite build of plasticized ash-filled binding compositions containing 20-40% of OPC and coal by-product by increased operational characteristics have been proven. It is shown that the use of complex organo-mineral additives in fly ash-cement compositions, which contain a mixture of carbonate and sulfate compounds as a mineral component, and a plasticizing additive of the polycarboxylate type as an organic component, makes it possible to obtain an artificial stone that is not inferior in its properties to a stone obtained on the basis of additive-free cement type I.

The peculiarities of the synthesis of the strength of artificial stone based on fly ash-cement compositions modified with an organo-mineral additive containing carbonate and sulfate mineral components were studied. It is shown that when only carbonate additives are used for modification, the formation of low-base calcium hydrosilicates takes place on its surface, and when sulfate and carbonate additives are simultaneously introduced, solid solutions based on ettringite and its carbonate analogue prevail among neoplasms.

It has been confirmed that during the hydration of fly ash-cement binding systems activated by the addition of burnt gypsum stone, the greatest effect associated with the increase in strength at all stages of hardening is achieved when the additive is used in the amount of 10%. Modification of sand-cement compositions with a sulfate additive causes an increase in the strength of artificial stone at the age of: 2 days by 14.24; 25.0 and 35.47%; 7 days at 83.18; 43.6 and 40.6%; 28 days for 75.5; 41.6 and 31.5%, respectively, when used in the binder composition of cement 20; 30 and 40%.

Modification of fly ash-cement compositions with a carbonate component causes an increase in the strength of artificial stone at the age of: 2 days by 18.6-20%; 7 days by 105.12-45.3%; 28 days by 86.6-30.0%, respectively. With a consumption of 40% OPC, the optimal amount of carbonate additive is 9% and causes an increase in the strength of artificial stone at the age of: 2 days by 33.3%; 7 days by 56.63%; 28 days for 43.5%.

Fly ash-cement compositions modified by complex sulfate- carbonate admixture and fine grained concretes on their basis

Сергій Дурицький, Віталій Павлюк — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of dispersed reinforced fine-grained concrete, based on modified fly ash-cement binders, containing at least 55% by weight of fly ash. The use of the developed binder will allow the utilization of waste from the fuel and energy industry in the composition of fine-grained concrete, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it will reduce emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by reducing the consumption of OPC clinker in the composition of binders.

In the course of the research, the positive effect of the complex modification of the fly ash-cement composition with sulfate and carbonate additives was proven, and the phase composition of new formations of artificial stone was studied. It was found that during the simultaneous modification of the fly ash-cement composition, the synthesis of strength is ensured due to the formation of hydration products in the early stages of hardening of ettringite and its analogues with a carbonate and iron component.

The operational and technological properties of the developed binders and concrete based on them were studied. In the process of studying the atmospheric resistance of the developed compositions based on modified binders, a stable increase in strength by 13...15% was established after 350 cycles of alternating wetting and drying of fine-grained concrete samples, which indicates the continuation of the processes of structure formation in artificial stone and allows predicting high operational properties of developed materials.

It was found that the developed fine-grained concretes based on modified ash-containing binders are distinguished by a denser and more homogeneous structure of artificial stone, as evidenced by a decrease in the abrasion indicators of concretes based on modified systems by 50% and by 54.8% for dispersion-reinforced concrete compared to additive-free compositions, respectively.

The durability of the developed concrete compositions was studied by studying their kinetics of strength gain, wear, frost, atmospheric and corrosion resistance. It was established that the introduction of a sulfate-carbonate additive to the composition of fly ash-cement systems contributes to a more uniform set of strength of concrete at all stages of hardening. The increase in strength of modified concrete samples is: at the age of 7 days – 105.88%, at the age of 28 days – 141.17% and at the age of 90 days – 117.53%, the value of compressive strength is 8.05, respectively MPa, 24.6 MPa and 33.5 MPa

Characterization of recycled aggregates to obtain concretes for common application

Олександр Ковальчук, Вікторія Зозулинець, Петро Попруга, Владислав Вихор — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of possibility to use demolition wastes as an aggregate to create new effective concrete constructions.

It had been shown that artificial aggregates from demolition wastes, especially from military origin, are very various and complicated in their composition.

All demolition wastes are characterized by weak and damage structure. There are a lot of damages and cracks are present in the aggregates, lowering their service properties and properties of concretes on their basis. Moreover, such aggregates appeared from the war reasons also are containing a lot of additional problems such as rests of organic compounds, unburned particles form the fire and explosion, etc.

It was shown that such kind of demolition wastes contain a lot of fine particles, influencing in a bad way on water consumption of the concrete mix. Also powder-like particles influence bad on service properties of concrete as well as on water to cement ratio in the concrete mix.

However, it was proved that beside of negative influence of aggregates from demolition wastes on concrete properties, it is still possible to obtain concrete mixes and concretes on their bases able to be used as a common concrete.

The best results are obtained using slag alkali activated cement. Compressive strength up to 32 MPa at 28 days is comparable to compressive strength of the control composition using OPC and traditional granite aggregate – 34 MPa at the age of 28 days of normal hardening. Use of slag OPC and recycled aggregates leads to the low compressive strength – up to 24 MPa at the age of 28 days.

Also, it should be mentioned that all concretes under study were characterized by low flexural strength, proving necessarity to provide further mix design to increase strength properties of concrete on recycled aggregates basis.

The use of waste glass in concrete production as a partial replacement of cement

Оксана Бердник, Сергій Виговський — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The reuse and recycling of waste are considered the only way to reduce their generation. However, the application of waste in the construction industry is still at the research stage, providing an opportunity for the implementation of new technologies and the resolution of environmental aspects in this direction. This enables the creation of new eco-friendly building materials. The article discusses research in the field of using solid household waste in construction. It also explores the impact of particle size and the percentage of cement replacement with waste glass on the properties of the cementitious solution. The relevance of scientific research in this article lies in the possibility of using waste glass in concrete to improve the durability and sustainability of building structures. The use of glass waste as a pozzolanic material or as a partial replacement of cement can contribute to reducing CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere, which is an important step in reducing the impact of construction on the environment. The results of this work can contribute to the development of a more sustainable and environmentally friendly construction industry

Approaches to assessing the sustainability of territorial communi-ties

Олена Веренич, Євгенія Бойко, Олександр Войтенко — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The article is devoted to exploring approaches and identifying sustainable development indicators for territorial communities. The ability to apply sustainable development principles in managerial decision-making regarding the development of territorial communities requires the establishment of priorities or goals for sustainable development. These priorities, in turn, must be based on criteria that can be measured and assessed.

Currently, sustainable development approaches are among the fundamental ones in preparing funding proposals for territorial communities or evaluating them from the perspective of potential investors. However, even though certain territorial communities actively use the defined term when preparing proposals or presenting the community to the public, few can accurately determine which specific indicators need to be calculated.

In the practice of managing a territorial community, various indicator systems are widely used to assess the state of a particular sphere of activity (or development direction) of the community from a chosen perspective (which underpins the formation of the indicator system).

An analysis of the literature revealed that there are sufficient approaches offering suggestions for defining indicators that can characterize the sustainable development of a community. The article proposes using the Bellagio principles to develop an approach for quantitative calculations. It also suggests the application of mathematical methods to calculate certain indicators.

The proposed approach includes, taking into account sectoral characteristics, groups of indicators for ensuring the livelihood of the population, territorial development, and entrepreneurial development, as well as indicators reflecting the social and environmental responsibility of the territorial community. This set of indicators can be used as criteria for substantiating managerial decisions in territorial communities

Principles of design and features of therapeutic garden formation for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with various types of illneses

Валерія Довженко, Марія Карамелєва — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract. The article explores the role of therapeutic gardens as a rehabilitation tool in Ukraine, which has been in a state of full-scale war for three years. Constant stress, psychological trauma, and limited access to medical services have led to an increase in illnesses, particularly cardiovascular and oncological diseases, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Statistics indicate that chronic illnesses worsen due to stress, weakened immunity, and reduced access to medical examinations, highlighting the need for new rehabilitation methods.

The research methods include an analysis of international practices, specifically the "Enabling Garden" at Bryn Mawr Rehabilitation Hospital, and the development of recommendations for adapting such spaces in Ukraine. Key elements of therapeutic gardens have been identified: the selection of vegetation tailored to specific conditions (e.g., mint and lavender for stress relief or roses for emotional recovery), spatial solutions (winding paths for light physical activity), sensory accents (smooth materials, pleasant sounds), and water elements (small fountains for relaxation).

The research findings show that therapeutic gardens contribute to stress reduction, emotional well-being, and an accelerated rehabilitation process. Specifically, gardens for patients with cardiovascular diseases help stabilize heart rhythm, for cancer patients — support a positive perception of life, and for individuals with PTSD — create a sense of safety. A gradual integration of therapeutic gardens into the urban context is proposed, starting with small plots near hospitals or rehabilitation centers, with a perspective for systematic expansion.