Urban Planning Aspects of Ecological and Urban Planning Regulation Fundamentals for Main Street and Road Network Functioning and Forward Development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31493/uwt1921.0202Keywords:
ecological state of urban environment, trunk road adjacent area, environmental impactAbstract
The greatest influence of motor vehicles is manifested in the urbanized environment. The city is an indicator of sustainable development or an unfavourable relationship between motor vehicles and the urban environment. The study is based on an assessment of the impact of the vehicles current state on the street and road network and trunk road adjacent areas to substantiate the adopted planning protective measures and to determine the functional purpose of the trunk road adjacent areas proceeding from environmental impact on street and road networks. Anthropogenic air pollution sources are primarily represented by industrial enterprises and vehicles emissions. The main task in determining the assessment of the effectiveness of the protective solutions of trunk road adjacent areas is the correct choice of assessment criteria, according to which the efficiency of solutions will differ. Since the street and road network with all its traffic flows is an integral structural element of the city, its impact on the environmental performance of the urban environment can undoubtedly be called the prevailing one. It is necessary to highlight noise, airborne emissions and air (atmosphere) pollution among the main environmental impacts, the source of which is the functioning of the street and road network. Since the street and road system is the main tool in wastewater collection and disposal, it also has a direct impact on the ecological condition of hydrosphere objects, i.e. groundwater, springs, water bodies. Its environmental impacts on the urban setting's lithosphere are also evident: road surface contamination, lubricant residues and gasoline pollute the soil during the removal of rain and melt wastewater. It is impossible to rule out the harmful effects of electromagnetic loads from rail vehicle operation. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the quality of atmospheric air in a modern developed city is primarily dependent on the volume of pollutant emissions, the two main sources of pollution being stationary 15…30% and mobile 70…85% (using Kyiv's example).References
State Construction Norm 360-92. City and City Planning. Planning and Development of Urban and Rural Settlements. Kyiv, Derzhbud Ukrainy, 113 (in Ukrainian).
General Planning Scheme of Kyiv for the period through to 2020, 2001. Main Principles, 69 (in Ukrainian).
Solukha B.V., Fuks H.B., 2003. Urban Ecology. Kyiv, KNUCA, 337 (in Ukrainian).
Furmanenko O.S., 1991, City and Country Cleaning and Refuse Disposal. Kyiv, Budivelnyk, 144 (in Ukrainian).
Astern M.M., Solukha B.V., Shilova T.O., 2010. Environmental Evaluation of City Main Road Crossings on Different Levels. Kyiv, KNUCA, 108 (in Ukrainian).
Ustynova I.I., 2016. Methodological Framework of Sustainable Development of Environmental City Planning Systems. Synopsis of a thesis, Kyiv, KNUCA, 46 (in Ukrainian).
Solukha I.B., 2016. Methods of Urban Environmental Evaluation of Traffic Planning Hubs in Trunk Road Networks of Large Cities. Synopsis of a thesis, Kyiv, KNUCA, 22 (in Ukrainian).
Igor Solukha, 2015. The influence of longitudinal slope of main road carriage-way on the mass emission from road transport in the atmospheric air, MOTROL, Vol.17, No.8, 4551.
Annual Abstract of Statistics of Kyiv city, 2011. State Statistics Service of Ukraine, 467 (in Ukrainian).
Annual Abstract of Statistics of Kyiv city, 2015. State Statistics Service of Ukraine, 434 (in Ukrainian).
Osytnianko A.P., 2005. Kyiv Development Planning. KNUCA, 385 (in Ukrainian).
Priymachenko O.V., 2014, Determining the Planning Measures for Noise Reduction in the Areas Surrounding Main Roads. City and Land-Use Planning: Collection of scientific and technical articles. Kyiv, KNUCA, Iss.51, 469-474 (in Ukrainian).
Priymachenko O.V., 2014. Analysis of Models of Noise Propagation in Space. City and Land-Use Planning: Collection of scientific and technical articles. Kyiv, KNUCA, Iss.53, 435-439 (in Ukrainian).
Igor Solukha, 2015. Intersectional junctions of the main roads in city SRN System (on the basis of Kyiv SRN system). MOTROL, Vol.17, No. 8, 53-59.
Ivanov V.N., Storchevus V.K., 1990. Ecology and Automobilization. Kyiv, Budivelnyk, 129 (in Russian).
State Construction Norm В.2.3-5-2001, Streets and Roads of Urban and Rural Settlements, 2001. Kyiv, 50 (in Ukrainian).
State Sanitary Rule 173-96, 1996. State Sanitary Rules of Planning and Development of Settlements. Kyiv, Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine, 84 (in Ukrainian).
Guidelines on Development of the Chapter of Environmental Protection, Project to Construction Norms and Regulations, 1989. 1.02.01-85,. Moscow, TSNII Proekt Gosstroya SSSR, 187 (in Russian).
State Construction Norm А.2.2.1-2003, 2003. Composition and Content of the Materials of Evaluation of Environmental Pressures (EEP) in Designing and Building Enterprises, Houses and Constructions. Main Principles of Design. Kyiv, Derzhbud Ukrainy, 19 (in Ukrainian).
State Construction Norm В.1.1-31:2013, 2003. Protection of Territories, Houses and Constructions from Noise. Kyiv, Minrehion Ukrainy, 75 (in Ukrainian).
State Standard of Ukraine DSTU-Н Б В.1.133:2013, 2003. Directive on Engineering and Design of Noise Protection of Residential Areas. Kyiv, Minrehion Ukrainy, 42 (in Ukrainian).
Ustynova I., 2015. Theoretical principles of wave urbanistics. Underwater Technologies, Vol.01, 33-42.
Shilova Т.О., 2005. Analysis of acoustic conditions in Kyiv. City and Land-Use Planning: Collection of scientific and technical articles. Kyiv, KNUCA, Iss.20, 392-396 (in Ukrainian).
Bystriakov I.K., Shilova T.A., 1991. Estimation of paths of transport noise propagation when designing territorial integrated nature preservation systems. Abstracts of the reports of the All-Union Scientific and Technical Conference "Improvement of City Acoustical Environment: Development and Construction Methods". Sevastopol, 22-24 (in Russian).
Priymachenko O.V., 2017. Model for effectiveness evaluation of planning measures for protection of areas surrounding main roads from the influence of environmental pressures on the Kyiv main road network. Underwater Technologies, Vol.05, 67-73.
Osypova H.L., 1993. Noise protection in city planning. Designer Handbook. Stroyizdat, 96 (in Russian).
Samoiliuk E.P., Denysenko V.I., Pylypenko A.P., 1981. Noise control in population aggregates. Kyiv, Budivelnyk, 144 (in Ukrainian).
Priymachenko O.V., Shilova T.A., 2017. Determination of limits for acoustical pollution from main roads at the stage of urban area zoning. Underwater Technologies, Vol.07, 49-56.
Priymachenko О.V., Kobzar O., 2018. Methodology of studies for selecting engineering decisions in territory planning International scientific journal. Transfer of Innovative Technologies, Vol.1(1), 17-25.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Transfer of Innovative Technologies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Our journal abides by the CREATIVE COMMONS copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.
Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.
